Page 61 - European Energy Innovation - summer 2019 publication

Summer 2019 European Energy Innovation 61

DECARBONISING HEAVY INDUSTRY

Pathways to net-zero emissions for Steel

Emission reductions from steel, chemicals, and cement
Mt CO2/Year

NEW PROCESSES 536 Baseline • Relies heavily on new core industrial
Pathway 450 545 processes driven by electricity, either
300 73 directly or through the use of hydrogen
183
Remaining • Key enablers are abundant and cost-
150 Emissions 241 competitive electricity supply and rapid
commercialisation of new processes
0 45

2015 2050

536 Baseline • Hinges on the potential of a more circular
545 economy for materials recirculation and
450 171 increased materials eciency

CIRCULAR ECONOMY 300 Remaining 182 • Key enablers are new business models,
Pathway 150 Emissions 143 digitisation and extensive coordination
47 across the value chain
0
2015 2050

536 Baseline • Emphasis on a greater role for carbon
545 capture and storage (CCS)
450 58
82 • Key enablers are a critical mass of
CARBON CAPTURE 300 Remaining 167 infrastructure and risk distribution for
Pathway 150 Emissions CCS, and reconguration of production
235 processes to allow for high CO2 capture
0 rates
2015 2050

MATERIALS EFFICIENCY AND CIRCULAR BUSINESS MODELS
MATERIALS RECIRCULATION AND SUBSTITUTION
NEW PROCESSES
CARBON CAPTURE AND STORAGE
REMAINING EMISSIONS

Source: Material Economics Analysis / Industrial Transformation 2050

were considered “hard to abate”: A from the use of high temperature to net zero emission economies
substantial share of these emissions heat (see display 1 – source: Material the Paris agreement demands, all
cannot be mitigated by simply Economics, 2019, p.21). sectors will eventually have to fully
switching to renewable energy, as decarbonise.
they are related to fossil feedstocks As with many things, the Paris climate
(oil and gas for chemicals), process agreement has been a game changer In this spirit, the discussion on
related (steel, cement), or stem for these sectors – for the transition mitigation opportunities and

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